Assessment of two wind gust injection methods: Field velocity vs. split velocity method

The objective of the present paper is to revisit two well-known wind gust injection methods in a consistent manner and assess their performance based on different application cases. These are field velocity method (FVM) split (SVM). For this purpose, both consistently derived pointing out link Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian formulation geometric conservation law. Furthermore, differences between FVM SVM worked advantages disadvantages compared. Based test case considering vertical hitting plate newly developed taking additionally horizontal into account, evaluated deviations resulting from disregard feedback effect assessed. results show that predictions by more pronounced for justifying introduction new case. main reason additional source term responsible surrounding flow itself nearly vanishes gust, whereas it has significant impact drag lift coefficients gust. correct viscous stress tensor relying total as done plays an important role, but found be negligible chosen Reynolds number study reveals capable delivering physical contradiction FVM. It paves way investigating further complex configurations (e.g., inclined gusts) practical applications towards coupled fluid–structure interaction simulations engineering structures impacted gusts.